RETRACTED: Chloramphenicol-Induced Inhibition of Phytophthora citrophthora in PDA Media: Implications for Fungicide Efficacy Studies
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Abstract
Abstract
The use of Chloramphenicol in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media is widespread while making fungi cultivars to avoid the interference of external bacteria. It is used as well in the laboratory in vitro trials when a new potentially fungicide (or biofungicide) substance is tested against target fungi. But chloramphenicol must be treated with care in these kinds of trials. In this work, we monitorized the growth of Phytophthora citrophthora in PDA medium without chloramphenicol against PDA containing chloramphenicol at 0.025 and 0.05 g/L. The results showed a statistically significant reduction of P. citrophthora growth when PDA contained chloramphenicol at both rates. The highest rate 0.5 g/L avoided the growth of P. citrophthora 6 days. These findings demonstrate that while chloramphenicol is effective in preventing bacterial contamination in PDA media, it also significantly inhibits the growth of Phytophthora citrophthora. Both tested concentrations (0.025 g/L and 0.05 g/L) resulted in reduced fungal growth, with the higher concentration (0.05 g/L) completely inhibiting growth for six days postinoculation. Therefore, chloramphenicol is unsuitable for in vitro studies involving P. citrophthora, as it may compromise the accuracy of fungicide efficacy evaluations. Alternative strategies to manage bacterial contamination should be considered when conducting in vitro trials with this pathogen.
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